AS1;T1-Editing in early cinemas done

Task 1- Editing in Early Cinemas

The evolution of editing has improved year after year with the use of common sense and traditional technology to better the editing in early cinemas industry.

These following people have made a history in the world of editing in early cinemas and film making, they are the ones who thought of how to better the world of editing I would be listing all of them down below.

Thomas Edison -Apart from the fact that he created a light bulb and many other devices that have helped to make the world a better place, he also ran a film laboratory where the kinetographic camera and kinetoscope were invented. He developed the 35 millimetre film strip that came to be the industry standard. Later on he developed the projector to play it.

The Lumière Brothers -Edison with the Lumière brothers and produced short films that were one long, static, locked-down shot. All that was needed to amuse the audiences was the motion in the shot, so the first films simply showed activities as traffic moving on a city street. This can be seen in the film Sortie d’usine (1895) by the Lumiere brothers.
 

G.A. Smith-initially, there was a story and no editing. Each film ran as long as there was film in the camera .an example of which is "The Miller" and "The Sweep"(1898) by G.A.Smith. Later in 1899 G.A.Smith created "The Kiss in the Tunnel". This film was said to be the beginnings of narrative editing (creating a story), smith "felt that some extra spice was called for “in the popular "phantom ride “genre. He took advantage of the brief onset of darkness as they went into tunnel to splice (in the shot of the couple).

Porter&Edison- Edwin S Porter worked as an electrician before joining the filming laboratory of Thomas Alva Edison in the late 1890s. He worked with Edison together they made much more longer and interesting films. Porter "made the breakthrough film “life of an American Fireman in 1903.the film was part of the ones that had a plot action, and even a close up of a hand pulling down the fire alarm. Porter discovered important aspects of motion picture language that the screen image does not need to show a complete person from head to toe, that splicing together two shots creates in the viewer’s mind a contextual relationship. All these were the most important discoveries that made narrative motion pictures and television possible.  

Charles Pathe-   in the film "the horse that bolted"(1907) Charles Pathe introduces the first example of a technique known as parallel editing -cutting between two story lines. The two most important characters in the film are the delivery man himself and the horse. 

D.W.Griffith- a us film director by profession was one of the early supporters of the power of editing, he made use of the cross-cutting to show parallel action in different locations .His works were highly regarded by many and greatly influenced the early film-makers understanding of editing. 

George Melies - he was a French illusionist and a film-maker who had seen the films made by the Lumière brothers. Melies was a prolific innovator in the use of special effect Melies saw at once the possibilities of a novelty more than just motion its self. He acquired a camera, built a studio, wrote scripts designed sets and soon discovered and exploited the basic camera tricks we take for granted today.in 1886 he made the vanishing lady using a technique known as in-camera editing. He accidentally found out the substitution stop trick in 1896.he was one of the first film-makers to make use of multiple exposures, time lapse photography, dissolved and hand painted colour in his work. Melies is sometimes referred to as a "cine-magician" because of his ability to manipulate and transform reality through cinematography.